Press Release
Microsoft fumbles supply chain and acknowledges signing rootkit malware.
As of right now, Microsoft has admitted to signing a malicious driver that is disseminated in gaming contexts.
This “Netfilter”-named driver is actually a rootkit that has been seen interacting with Chinese C2 IP addresses.
Last week, the whole infosec. community joined G Data malware specialist Karsten Hahn in tracking down and analysing the malicious drivers that bore the Microsoft logo.
This incident exposed vulnerabilities to software supply-chain security once more, but this time it was caused by a flaw in the code-signing procedure used by Microsoft.
Rootkit “Netfilter” driver is Microsoft-signed.
A Microsoft signed driver dubbed “Netfilter” was detected last week by G Data’s cybersecurity alert systems as what at first glance appeared to be a false positive, but wasn’t.
The driver in question was observed interacting with C&C IPs based in China, which had no valid functionality and raised red flags.
This is when Karsten Hahn, a malware analyst at G Data, disclosed this publicly and contacted Microsoft at the same time:
Since Windows Vista, all code that operates in kernel mode must be tested and certified before being made available to the public in order to maintain the stability of the operating system.
According to Hahn, “Drivers without a Microsoft certificate cannot be deployed by default.”
At that time, BleepingComputer started tracking C2 URL behaviour and approached Microsoft for a comment.
A list of further routes (URLs), denoted by the pipe (“|”) symbol, are returned by the first C2 URL:
Each of these, in Hahn’s opinion, has a function:
The URL that ends in “/p” refers to proxy settings, “/s” offers encoded redirection IPs, “/h?” is for getting CPU-ID, “/c” offered a root certificate, and “/v?” refers to the malware’s self-updating capabilities.
For instance, as observed by BleepingComputer, the malicious Netfilter driver in question (residing at “/d3”) was accessible via the “/v?” path at the following URL:
After thoroughly examining the driver, the G Data researcher came to the conclusion that it was malware.
In a thorough blog post, the researcher examined the driver, its ability to self-update, and Indicators of Compromise (IOCs).
According to Hahn, the sample features a self-update routine that transmits its own MD5 hash to the server via the URL hxxp:/110.42.4.180:2081/v?v=6&m=.
An illustration of a request would be as follows:
hxxp:/110.42.4.180:2081/v?v=6&m=921fa8a5442e9bf3fe727e770cded4ab
“The server then replies with either ‘OK’ if the sample is current or the URL for the most recent sample, such as hxxp:/110.42.4.180:2081/d6. As a result, the malware replaces its own file “further information from the researcher
Other malware specialists like Johann Aydinbas, Takahiro Haruyama, and Florian Roth worked with Hahn during his analysis.
Roth has offered YARA rules for recognising them in your network environments after being able to compile the list of samples in a spreadsheet.
Microsoft is looking at a bad actor who spreads harmful drivers inside of gaming environments.
“In order to be certified by the Windows Hardware Compatibility Program, the actor supplied drivers. A third party created the drivers.”
Microsoft stated yesterday, “We have stopped the account and checked their uploads for additional indicators of malware.”
Microsoft claims that the threat actor primarily targeted the gaming industry in China with these malicious drivers and that there is currently no evidence that enterprise environments have been impacted.
Microsoft is waiting before blaming nation-state actors for this incident.
Sophisticated threat actors may take advantage of falsely signed binaries to help launch extensive software supply-chain attacks.
A well-known event in which code-signing certificates were taken from Realtek and JMicron to assist the comprehensive Stuxnet attack on Iran’s nuclear programme.
However, this specific instance has shown flaws in a reliable code-signing procedure, which threat actors have exploited to obtain Microsoft-signed code without jeopardising any certifications.
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NVIDIA has released security upgrades to fix ten more bugs impacting the NVIDIA Virtual GPU (vGPU) management software in addition to six security holes discovered in Windows and Linux GPU display drivers.
The flaws make Windows and Linux systems vulnerable to attacks that could cause a denial of service, privilege escalation, data manipulation, or information disclosure.
Because all of these security flaws need local user access, potential attackers must first get access to susceptible targets via a different attack method.
Patching of eleven high severity vulnerabilities
Attackers can simply escalate privileges to obtain permissions above those provided by the OS after successfully exploiting one of the vulnerabilities fixed today.
Denial-of-service attacks or gaining access to otherwise inaccessible information can also be used to temporarily disable workstations running vulnerable drivers or software.
With the exception of the security flaws identified as CVE-2021-1052, CVE-2021-1053, and CVE-2021-1056 affecting the Linux GPU Display Driver for Tesla GPUs, which will start receiving an updated driver version on January 18, 2021, NVIDIA has patched all impacted software products and platforms.
The flaws have CVSS V3 base ratings ranging from 5.3 to 8.4, and NVIDIA has classified 11 of them as high-risk.
The risk assessment “is based on an average of risk across a broad set of deployed systems and may not represent the true risk of your local installation,” according to NVIDIA’s security alert.
To accurately assess the risk these vulnerabilities represent to your particular system configuration, the business further suggests speaking with an IT or security specialist.
The January 2021 Security Bulletin is a complete list of security problems that NVIDIA patched this month.
Several driver updates are accessible from hardware vendors.
NVIDIA advises users to use the security updates offered on the NVIDIA Driver Downloads page to upgrade their GeForce, NVIDIA RTX, Quadro, NVS, and Tesla GPU display drivers, as well as Virtual GPU Manager and guest driver software.
According to the business, certain consumers who choose not to manually fix the weaknesses might also get security upgrades bundled with Windows GPU display driver 460.84, 457.49, and 452.66 versions from their computer hardware vendors.
Users of the NVIDIA vGPU enterprise software must sign into the NVIDIA Enterprise Application Hub in order to download updates from the NVIDIA Licensing Center.
By just putting in a Razer mouse or keyboard, a Razer Synapse zero-day vulnerability that has been publicly published on Twitter enables you to take control of Windows as an administrator.
A well-known maker of computer accessories, Razer is well recognised for their gaming keyboards and mice.
The Razer Synapse programme will immediately download and start installing on a computer when a Razer device is plugged into Windows 10 or Windows 11. Users can set up macros, map buttons, and modify their gear using the software Razer Synapse.
Over 100 million people use Razer Synapse, according to Razer, who claims that number.
The plug-and-play Razer Synapse installation contains a zero-day vulnerability that, when exploited, allows users to swiftly gain SYSTEM access on a Windows system. This vulnerability was found by security researcher jonhat.
The greatest user rights in Windows, known as SYSTEM privileges, provide users the ability to run any command on the operating system. Basically, if a user has Windows’ SYSTEM capabilities, they have total control over the system and are able to install anything they want, including malicious software.
Razer had yet to respond, so yesterday jonhat revealed the zero-day vulnerability on Twitter and provided a little video explaining how the flaw operates.
Using a mouse while plugged in to gain access to the SYSTEM
We chose to test the flaw as BleepingComputer has a Razer mouse handy. We can confirm that it took us roughly two minutes to get SYSTEM rights in Windows 10 after plugging in our mouse.
It should be emphasised that this is a local privilege escalation (LPE) vulnerability, requiring physical access to a computer and a Razer device. To exploit the problem, all you need to do is purchase a $20 Razer mouse from Amazon and plug it into a Windows 10 computer.
On one of our Windows 10 machines, we set up a temporary ‘Test’ user with ordinary, non-administrator capabilities to test this flaw.
When we connected the Razer device to Windows 10, the operating system downloaded and set up both the driver and the Razer Synapse application automatically.
The Razer installation application got SYSTEM access as a result of the RazerInstaller.exe executable being started by a Windows process with SYSTEM privileges, as demonstrated below.
The setup procedure lets you choose the folder where the Razer Synapse software will be installed when you install it. Everything goes wrong when you have the choice of where to install your software.
The “Choose a Folder” window will show up when you move your folder. When you right-click the dialogue while holding down Shift, you will be given the option to “Open PowerShell window here,” which will launch a PowerShell prompt in the folder displayed in the dialogue.
This PowerShell prompt will inherit the same rights as the process that launched it because it was run with SYSTEM permissions.
As you can see in the screenshot below, after typing the “whoami” command at the PowerShell prompt, it became clear that the console has SYSTEM capabilities, enabling us to execute whatever command we like.
According to Will Dormann, a Vulnerability Analyst at the CERT/CC, other applications installed by the Windows plug-and-play mechanism is likely to include similar flaws.
Razer will address the flaw
Razer has contacted the security researcher to let them know that they will be delivering a remedy after this zero-day issue attracted significant notice on Twitter.
Despite the fact that the vulnerability was made public, Razer also informed the researcher that he would be getting a bug bounty payment.
Press Release
The New York Times reports that investigators are investigating whether solarwinds has been hacked via offices in Czech, Polish, and Belorussia, where many of the company’s engineering has taken place (NEW YORK TIMES).
Sources: investigators are checking if SolarWinds was hacked via its offices in Czechia, Poland, and Belarus, where the company moved much of its engineering — Those behind the widespread intrusion into government and corporate networks exploited seams in U.S. defenses and gave away nothing to American monitoring of their systems.
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